Shank Drill
Shank Drill
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Three Basic Ways Of Fixing Things
Fixing one thing to another - putting a picture hook on a wall, attaching architrave around a door opening or putting up kitchen cupboards, for example - is one of the most common d-i-y jobs.
There are three basic ways of fixing things together - using nails, screws or glue. Sometimes it does not matter too much which of the methods you choose, but there are occasions when the correct decision can make all the difference between some-thing being firmly fixed and being a persistent problem.
In most cases you have the choice between using nails or screws. The main thing which should determine which is the most suitable are strength, appearance and the materials being joined.
A screw will always give a stronger joint than the equivalent-sized nail because its thread can grip the material it is driven into better than the shank of a nail. However, there are nails with shanks specially designed for extra grip and putting nails in at an angle also increases grip. In general, if the two surfaces being joined are likely to pull apart, then screws are better than nails. If the surfaces are trying to slide over each other, nails are usually satisfactory.
Screws give a neater finish and tend to damage the material they are put into less than nails.
Using adhesives as a fixing technique has advantages over using nails or screws - apart from surface preparation no special tools are required, joints are usually invisible, and adhesives can be used to fix things in places where it is impossible to swing a hammer or turn a screwdriver. Used correctly, modern adhesives are very good, though expensive compared with nails and screws. Never use adhesives to fix things which have to carry a load - always screw wall brackets on to a wall, do not glue them. Most glued joints have to be supported until the glue has set. Adhesives are often combined with nails or screws to give a stronger joint.
Using nails is the cheapest way to fix things together; it is also the quickest, and the only tool needed is a hammer. Nailing was principally designed for fixing softwoods together and for fixing things like felt to softwoods. Nails can be used with hard-woods too as long as a guidance hole is pre-drilled but, by and large, hardwoods are better fixed with screws. Special nails are available for fixing into soft masonry.
Banging in a nail is a simple, basic handyman job. Selecting the correct nail, however, is rather more difficult - you may have a choice of head style, shank grippers, shank section and finishes. Some nails have flat heads for fixing things like felt and upholstery; some have much smaller heads which are designed to bury into the surface they are fixing; some have shanks designed to resist movement; and some have shanks which are oval in section to reduce splitting. The finish becomes important where corrosion resistance is essential.
The rule when using nails is to attach the lighter material to the heavier one (thinner to thicker). The size of nail depends on the thicknesses of the materials being joined.
Using screws is rather more complicated than using nails. There is an even wider variety of screw styles with choices of length and diameter (often called gauge), materials, finishes, head styles and slot styles. Screws need more complicated tools too. They should be inserted into pre-drilled holes which may mean using three different drill bits and you may also need a variety of screwdriver blade styles and sizes.
Screws do have one major advantage over nails and glues - all screwed fixings can be unscrewed and dismantled quite easily, although the holes will remain.
Fixing one thing to another - putting a picture hook on a wall, attaching architrave around a door opening or putting up kitchen cupboards, for example - is one of the most common d-i-y jobs.
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Also learn how to replace sash cords and how to fit spring latch
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